We should begin with the simplest hypothesis, and only if that can’t explain what we observe should we consider more complicated explanations-in this case, multiple causes.” When Isaac Newton said, ‘We are to admit no more causes of natural things than such as are both true and sufficient to explain their appearances,’ he was saying the same thing that Albert Einstein, three centuries later, said (or was paraphrased as saying): ‘Everything should be made as simple as possible, but no simpler.’ Scientists know this essential concept as Occam’s Razor. They would only embrace the possibility that there were multiple perpetrators when the single-suspect hypothesis was proved insufficient to explain all the evidence. “If this were a criminal investigation, the detective assigned to the case would start from theĪssumption that there was one prime suspect, one likely perpetrator, because the crimes (all the aforementioned diseases) are so closely related.
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